1 ! Copyright (C) 2008 Doug Coleman.
2 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
3 USING: arrays kernel math strings help.markup help.syntax
8 { $description "A duration is a period of time years, months, days, hours, minutes, and seconds. All duration slots can store " { $link real } " numbers. Compare two durations with the " { $link <=> } " word." } ;
11 { $description "A timestamp is a date and a time with a timezone offset. Timestamp slots must store integers except for " { $snippet "seconds" } ", which stores reals, and " { $snippet "gmt-offset" } ", which stores a " { $link duration } ". Compare two durations with the " { $link <=> } " word." } ;
13 { timestamp duration } related-words
15 HELP: gmt-offset-duration
16 { $values { "duration" duration } }
17 { $description "Returns a " { $link duration } " object with the GMT offset returned by " { $link gmt-offset } "." } ;
20 { $values { "year" integer } { "month" integer } { "day" integer } { "timestamp" timestamp } }
21 { $description "Returns a timestamp object representing the start of the specified day in your current timezone." }
23 { $example "USING: accessors calendar prettyprint ;"
24 "2010 12 25 <date> instant >>gmt-offset ."
25 "T{ timestamp { year 2010 } { month 12 } { day 25 } }"
30 { $values { "value" ratio } }
31 { $description "The length of an average month averaged over 400 years. Used internally for adding an arbitrary real number of months to a timestamp." } ;
34 { $values { "value" integer } }
35 { $description "Returns the number of months in a year." } ;
38 { $values { "value" ratio } }
39 { $description "Returns the number of days in a year averaged over 400 years. Used internally for adding an arbitrary real number of days to a timestamp." } ;
42 { $values { "value" ratio } }
43 { $description "Returns the number of hours in a year averaged over 400 years. Used internally for adding an arbitrary real number of hours to a timestamp." } ;
45 HELP: minutes-per-year
46 { $values { "value" ratio } }
47 { $description "Returns the number of minutes in a year averaged over 400 years. Used internally for adding an arbitrary real number of minutes to a timestamp." } ;
49 HELP: seconds-per-year
50 { $values { "value" integer } }
51 { $description "Returns the number of seconds in a year averaged over 400 years. Used internally for adding an arbitrary real number of seconds to a timestamp." } ;
53 HELP: julian-day-number
54 { $values { "year" integer } { "month" integer } { "day" integer } { "n" integer } }
55 { $description "Calculates the Julian day number from a year, month, and day. The difference between two Julian day numbers is the number of days that have elapsed between the two corresponding dates." }
56 { $warning "Not valid before year -4800 BCE." } ;
58 HELP: julian-day-number>date
59 { $values { "n" integer } { "year" integer } { "month" integer } { "day" integer } }
60 { $description "Converts from a Julian day number back to a year, month, and day." } ;
61 { julian-day-number julian-day-number>date } related-words
64 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "year" integer } { "month" integer } { "day" integer } }
65 { $description "Explodes a " { $snippet "timestamp" } " into its year, month, and day components." }
66 { $examples { $example "USING: arrays calendar prettyprint ;"
67 "2010 8 24 <date> >date< 3array ."
73 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "hour" integer } { "minute" integer } { "second" integer } }
74 { $description "Explodes a " { $snippet "timestamp" } " into its hour, minute, and second components." }
75 { $examples { $example "USING: arrays calendar prettyprint ;"
76 "now noon >time< 3array ."
81 { >date< >time< } related-words
84 { $values { "duration" duration } }
85 { $description "Pushes a " { $snippet "duration" } " of zero seconds." } ;
88 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
89 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of years." } ;
92 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
93 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of months." } ;
96 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
97 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of days." } ;
100 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
101 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of weeks." } ;
104 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
105 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of hours." } ;
108 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
109 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of minutes." } ;
112 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
113 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of seconds." } ;
116 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
117 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of milliseconds." } ;
120 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
121 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of microseconds." } ;
124 { $values { "x" number } { "duration" duration } }
125 { $description "Creates a duration object with the specified number of nanoseconds." } ;
127 { years months days hours minutes seconds milliseconds microseconds nanoseconds } related-words
130 { $values { "obj" object } { "?" boolean } }
131 { $description "Returns " { $link t } " if the object represents a leap year." }
133 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
137 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
138 "2010 1 1 <date> leap-year? ."
144 { $values { "time1" "timestamp or duration" } { "time2" "timestamp or duration" } { "time3" "timestamp or duration" } }
145 { $description "Adds two durations to produce a duration or adds a timestamp and a duration to produce a timestamp. The calculation takes timezones into account." }
147 { $example "USING: calendar math.order prettyprint ;"
148 "10 months 2 months time+ 1 years <=> ."
151 { $example "USING: accessors calendar math.order prettyprint ;"
152 "2010 1 1 <date> 3 days time+ day>> ."
158 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
159 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in years." }
161 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
162 "6 months duration>years ."
167 HELP: duration>months
168 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
169 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in months." }
171 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
172 "30 days duration>months ."
178 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
179 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in days." }
181 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
182 "6 hours duration>days ."
188 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
189 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in hours." }
191 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
192 "3/4 days duration>hours ."
196 HELP: duration>minutes
197 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
198 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in minutes." }
200 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
201 "6 hours duration>minutes ."
205 HELP: duration>seconds
206 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
207 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in seconds." }
209 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
210 "6 minutes duration>seconds ."
215 HELP: duration>milliseconds
216 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
217 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in milliseconds." }
219 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
220 "6 seconds duration>milliseconds ."
225 HELP: duration>microseconds
226 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
227 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in microseconds." }
229 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
230 "6 seconds duration>microseconds ."
235 HELP: duration>nanoseconds
236 { $values { "duration" duration } { "x" number } }
237 { $description "Calculates the length of a duration in nanoseconds." }
239 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
240 "6 seconds duration>nanoseconds ."
245 { duration>years duration>months duration>days duration>hours duration>minutes duration>seconds duration>milliseconds duration>microseconds duration>nanoseconds } related-words
249 { $values { "time1" "timestamp or duration" } { "time2" "timestamp or duration" } { "time3" "timestamp or duration" } }
250 { $description "Subtracts two durations to produce a duration or subtracts a duration from a timestamp to produce a timestamp. The calculation takes timezones into account." }
252 { $example "USING: calendar math.order prettyprint ;"
253 "10 months 2 months time- 8 months <=> ."
256 { $example "USING: accessors calendar math.order prettyprint ;"
257 "2010 1 1 <date> 3 days time- day>> ."
262 HELP: convert-timezone!
263 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "duration" duration } }
264 { $description "Converts the " { $snippet "timestamp" } "'s " { $snippet "gmt-offset" } " to the GMT offset represented by the " { $snippet "duration" } "." }
266 { $example "USING: accessors calendar prettyprint ;"
267 "gmt noon instant -5 >>hour convert-timezone! gmt-offset>> hour>> ."
273 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "timestamp'" timestamp } }
274 { $description "Converts the " { $snippet "timestamp" } " to the timezone of your computer." }
276 { $example "USING: accessors calendar kernel prettyprint ;"
277 "now gmt >local-time [ gmt-offset>> ] same? ."
283 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "timestamp'" timestamp } }
284 { $description "Converts the " { $snippet "timestamp" } " to the GMT timezone." }
286 { $example "USING: accessors calendar kernel prettyprint ;"
287 "now >gmt gmt-offset>> hour>> ."
293 { $values { "obj1" object } { "obj2" object } { "obj3" object } }
294 { $description "Multiplies each time slot of a timestamp or duration by a number and make a new duration from the result. Used in the implementation of " { $link before } "." } ;
295 { time+ time- time* } related-words
298 { $values { "duration" duration } { "-duration" duration } }
299 { $description "Negates a duration." }
301 { $example "USING: accessors calendar prettyprint ;"
302 "3 hours before now noon time+ hour>> ."
308 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } }
309 { $description "Returns the beginning of UNIX time, or midnight, January 1, 1970." } ;
311 HELP: micros>timestamp
312 { $values { "x" number } { "timestamp" timestamp } }
313 { $description "Converts a number of microseconds into a timestamp value in GMT time." }
315 { $example "USING: accessors calendar prettyprint ;"
316 "1000 micros>timestamp year>> ."
322 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } }
323 { $description "Returns the time right now, but in the GMT timezone." } ;
325 { gmt now } related-words
328 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } }
329 { $description "Returns the time right now in your computer's timezone." }
331 { $unchecked-example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
333 "T{ timestamp f 2008 9 1 16 38 24+801/1000 T{ duration f 0 0 0 -5 0 0 } }"
338 { $values { "duration" duration } { "timestamp" timestamp } }
339 { $description "Computes a time in the future that is the " { $snippet "duration" } " added to the result of " { $link now } "." }
342 "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
344 "T{ timestamp f 2008 9 2 2 47 45+943/1000 T{ duration f 0 0 0 -5 0 0 } }"
349 { $values { "duration" duration } { "timestamp" timestamp } }
350 { $description "Computes a time in the past that is the " { $snippet "duration" } " subtracted from the result of " { $link now } "." }
353 "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
355 "T{ timestamp f 2008 8 11 16 49 52+99/500 T{ duration f 0 0 0 -5 0 0 } }"
360 { $values { "year" integer } { "month" integer } { "day" integer } { "n" integer } }
361 { $description "An implementation of the Zeller's congruence algorithm that computes the day of the week given a date. Days are indexed starting from Sunday, which is index 0." }
362 { $notes "User code should use the " { $link day-of-week } " word, which takes a " { $snippet "timestamp" } " instead of integers." } ;
365 { $values { "obj" "a timestamp or an integer" } { "n" integer } }
366 { $description "Calculates the number of days in a given year." }
368 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
369 "2004 days-in-year ."
375 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "n" integer } }
376 { $description "Calculates the number of days in a given month." }
378 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
379 "2008 8 24 <date> days-in-month ."
385 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "n" integer } }
386 { $description "Calculates the index of the day of the week. Sunday will result in an index of 0." }
388 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
389 "now sunday day-of-week ."
395 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "n" integer } }
396 { $description "Calculates the day of the year, resulting in a number from 1 to 366 (leap years)." }
398 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
399 "2008 1 4 <date> day-of-year ."
405 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "[1,53]" integer } }
406 { $description "Calculates the ISO 8601 week number from 1 to 53 (leap years). See " { $snippet "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_week_date" } }
408 "Last day of 2018 is already in the first week of 2019."
409 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
410 "2018 12 31 <date> week-number ."
413 "2020 is a leap year with 53 weeks, and January 1st, 2021 is still in week 53 of 2020."
414 { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
415 "2021 1 1 <date> week-number ."
421 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
422 { $description "Returns the Sunday from the current week, which starts on a Sunday." } ;
425 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
426 { $description "Returns the Monday from the current week, which starts on a Sunday." } ;
429 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
430 { $description "Returns the Tuesday from the current week, which starts on a Sunday." } ;
433 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
434 { $description "Returns the Wednesday from the current week, which starts on a Sunday." } ;
437 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
438 { $description "Returns the Thursday from the current week, which starts on a Sunday." } ;
441 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
442 { $description "Returns the Friday from the current week, which starts on a Sunday." } ;
445 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
446 { $description "Returns the Saturday from the current week, which starts on a Sunday." } ;
448 { sunday monday tuesday wednesday thursday friday saturday } related-words
451 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
452 { $description "Returns a new timestamp that represents the day at midnight, or the beginning of the day." } ;
455 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
456 { $description "Returns a new timestamp that represents the day at noon, or the middle of the day." } ;
459 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } }
460 { $description "Returns a timestamp that represents today at midnight." } ;
463 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
464 { $description "Returns a new timestamp with the day set to one." } ;
467 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
468 { $description "Returns a new timestamp where the day of the week is Sunday." } ;
471 { $values { "object" object } { "new-timestamp" timestamp } }
472 { $description "Returns a new timestamp with the month and day set to one, or January 1 of the input timestamp, given a year or a timestamp." } ;
474 HELP: time-since-midnight
475 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "duration" duration } }
476 { $description "Calculates a " { $snippet "duration" } " that represents the elapsed time since midnight of the input " { $snippet "timestamp" } "." } ;
480 { "duration" duration }
481 { "timestamp" timestamp } }
482 { $description "Adds the duration to the beginning of Unix time and returns the result as a timestamp." } ;
484 ARTICLE: "calendar" "Calendar"
485 "The " { $vocab-link "calendar" } " vocabulary defines two data types and a set of operations on them:"
490 "Durations represent spans of time:"
491 { $subsections "using-durations" }
492 "Arithmetic on timestamps and durations:"
493 { $subsections "timestamp-arithmetic" }
494 "Getting the current timestamp:"
505 "Timestamps relative to each other:"
506 { $subsections "relative-timestamps" }
507 "Operations on units of time:"
513 "Both " { $link timestamp } "s and " { $link duration } "s implement the " { $link "math.order" } "."
515 "Meta-data about the calendar:"
516 { $subsections "calendar-facts" } ;
518 ARTICLE: "timestamp-arithmetic" "Timestamp arithmetic"
519 "Adding timestamps and durations, or durations and durations:"
520 { $subsections time+ }
522 { $subsections time- }
523 "Element-wise multiplication:"
524 { $subsections time* } ;
526 ARTICLE: "using-durations" "Using durations"
527 "Creating a duration object:"
541 "Converting a duration to a number:"
549 duration>milliseconds
550 duration>microseconds
554 ARTICLE: "relative-timestamps" "Relative timestamps"
556 { $subsections hence }
560 { $subsections before }
561 "Days of the week relative to " { $link now } ":"
571 "New timestamps relative to calendar events:"
580 ARTICLE: "calendar-facts" "Calendar facts"
594 "Calculating a Julian day number:"
595 { $subsections julian-day-number }
596 "Calculate a timestamp:"
597 { $subsections julian-day-number>date } ;
599 ARTICLE: "years" "Year operations"
600 "Leap year predicate:"
601 { $subsections leap-year? }
602 "Find the number of days in a year:"
603 { $subsections days-in-year } ;