1 ! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Slava Pestov.
2 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
3 USING: arrays io.binary kernel combinators
4 kernel.private math namespaces make sequences words system layouts
5 math.order accessors cpu.x86.assembler.syntax ;
8 ! A postfix assembler for x86-32 and x86-64.
10 ! In 32-bit mode, { 1234 } is absolute indirect addressing.
11 ! In 64-bit mode, { 1234 } is RIP-relative.
14 ! Register operands -- eg, ECX
15 REGISTERS: 8 AL CL DL BL ;
17 REGISTERS: 16 AX CX DX BX SP BP SI DI ;
19 REGISTERS: 32 EAX ECX EDX EBX ESP EBP ESI EDI ;
22 RAX RCX RDX RBX RSP RBP RSI RDI R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 ;
25 XMM0 XMM1 XMM2 XMM3 XMM4 XMM5 XMM6 XMM7
26 XMM8 XMM9 XMM10 XMM11 XMM12 XMM13 XMM14 XMM15 ;
34 #! Extended AMD64 registers (R8-R15) return true.
35 GENERIC: extended? ( op -- ? )
37 M: object extended? drop f ;
39 PREDICATE: register < word
40 "register" word-prop ;
42 PREDICATE: register-8 < register
43 "register-size" word-prop 8 = ;
45 PREDICATE: register-16 < register
46 "register-size" word-prop 16 = ;
48 PREDICATE: register-32 < register
49 "register-size" word-prop 32 = ;
51 PREDICATE: register-64 < register
52 "register-size" word-prop 64 = ;
54 PREDICATE: register-128 < register
55 "register-size" word-prop 128 = ;
57 M: register extended? "register" word-prop 7 > ;
60 TUPLE: indirect base index scale displacement ;
62 M: indirect extended? base>> extended? ;
64 : canonicalize-EBP ( indirect -- indirect )
65 #! { EBP } ==> { EBP 0 }
66 dup [ base>> { EBP RBP R13 } member? ] [ displacement>> not ] bi and
67 [ 0 >>displacement ] when ;
69 ERROR: bad-index indirect ;
71 : check-ESP ( indirect -- indirect )
72 dup index>> { ESP RSP } memq? [ bad-index ] when ;
74 : canonicalize ( indirect -- indirect )
75 #! Modify the indirect to work around certain addressing mode
77 canonicalize-EBP check-ESP ;
79 : <indirect> ( base index scale displacement -- indirect )
80 indirect boa canonicalize ;
82 : reg-code ( reg -- n ) "register" word-prop 7 bitand ;
84 : indirect-base* ( op -- n ) base>> EBP or reg-code ;
86 : indirect-index* ( op -- n ) index>> ESP or reg-code ;
88 : indirect-scale* ( op -- n ) scale>> 0 or ;
90 GENERIC: sib-present? ( op -- ? )
92 M: indirect sib-present?
93 [ base>> { ESP RSP R12 } member? ] [ index>> ] [ scale>> ] tri or or ;
95 M: register sib-present? drop f ;
97 GENERIC: r/m ( operand -- n )
101 [ drop ESP reg-code ] [ indirect-base* ] if ;
103 M: register r/m reg-code ;
106 UNION: immediate byte integer ;
108 GENERIC: fits-in-byte? ( value -- ? )
110 M: byte fits-in-byte? drop t ;
112 M: integer fits-in-byte? -128 127 between? ;
114 GENERIC: modifier ( op -- n )
119 { [ dup not ] [ BIN: 00 ] }
120 { [ dup fits-in-byte? ] [ BIN: 01 ] }
121 { [ dup immediate? ] [ BIN: 10 ] }
127 M: register modifier drop BIN: 11 ;
129 GENERIC# n, 1 ( value n -- )
131 M: integer n, >le % ;
132 M: byte n, [ value>> ] dip n, ;
133 : 1, ( n -- ) 1 n, ; inline
134 : 4, ( n -- ) 4 n, ; inline
135 : 2, ( n -- ) 2 n, ; inline
136 : cell, ( n -- ) bootstrap-cell n, ; inline
138 : mod-r/m, ( reg# indirect -- )
139 [ 3 shift ] [ [ modifier 6 shift ] [ r/m ] bi ] bi* bitor bitor , ;
141 : sib, ( indirect -- )
144 [ indirect-index* 3 shift ]
145 [ indirect-scale* 6 shift ] tri bitor bitor ,
150 GENERIC: displacement, ( op -- )
152 M: indirect displacement,
153 dup displacement>> dup [
155 [ dup fits-in-byte? [ , ] [ 4, ] if ] [ 4, ] if
160 M: register displacement, drop ;
162 : addressing ( reg# indirect -- )
163 [ mod-r/m, ] [ sib, ] [ displacement, ] tri ;
166 UNION: operand register indirect ;
168 GENERIC: operand-64? ( operand -- ? )
170 M: indirect operand-64?
171 [ base>> ] [ index>> ] bi [ operand-64? ] either? ;
173 M: register-64 operand-64? drop t ;
175 M: object operand-64? drop f ;
177 : rex.w? ( rex.w reg r/m -- ? )
179 { [ dup register-128? ] [ drop operand-64? ] }
180 { [ dup not ] [ drop operand-64? ] }
184 : rex.r ( m op -- n )
185 extended? [ BIN: 00000100 bitor ] when ;
187 : rex.b ( m op -- n )
188 [ extended? [ BIN: 00000001 bitor ] when ] keep
190 index>> extended? [ BIN: 00000010 bitor ] when
195 : rex-prefix ( reg r/m rex.w -- )
196 #! Compile an AMD64 REX prefix.
197 2over rex.w? BIN: 01001000 BIN: 01000000 ?
198 swap rex.r swap rex.b
199 dup BIN: 01000000 = [ drop ] [ , ] if ;
201 : 16-prefix ( reg r/m -- )
202 [ register-16? ] either? [ HEX: 66 , ] when ;
204 : prefix ( reg r/m rex.w -- ) 2over 16-prefix rex-prefix ;
206 : prefix-1 ( reg rex.w -- ) f swap prefix ;
208 : short-operand ( reg rex.w n -- )
209 #! Some instructions encode their single operand as part of
211 [ dupd prefix-1 reg-code ] dip + , ;
213 : opcode, ( opcode -- ) dup array? [ % ] [ , ] if ;
215 : extended-opcode ( opcode -- opcode' ) OCT: 17 swap 2array ;
217 : extended-opcode, ( opcode -- ) extended-opcode opcode, ;
219 : opcode-or ( opcode mask -- opcode' )
221 [ unclip-last rot bitor suffix ] [ bitor ] if ;
223 : 1-operand ( op reg,rex.w,opcode -- )
224 #! The 'reg' is not really a register, but a value for the
225 #! 'reg' field of the mod-r/m byte.
226 first3 [ [ over ] dip prefix-1 ] dip opcode, swap addressing ;
228 : immediate-operand-size-bit ( imm dst reg,rex.w,opcode -- imm dst reg,rex.w,opcode )
229 pick integer? [ first3 BIN: 1 opcode-or 3array ] when ;
231 : immediate-1 ( imm dst reg,rex.w,opcode -- )
232 immediate-operand-size-bit 1-operand 1, ;
234 : immediate-4 ( imm dst reg,rex.w,opcode -- )
235 immediate-operand-size-bit 1-operand 4, ;
237 : immediate-fits-in-size-bit ( imm dst reg,rex.w,opcode -- imm dst reg,rex.w,opcode )
238 pick integer? [ first3 BIN: 10 opcode-or 3array ] when ;
240 : immediate-1/4 ( imm dst reg,rex.w,opcode -- )
241 #! If imm is a byte, compile the opcode and the byte.
242 #! Otherwise, set the 8-bit operand flag in the opcode, and
243 #! compile the cell. The 'reg' is not really a register, but
244 #! a value for the 'reg' field of the mod-r/m byte.
246 immediate-fits-in-size-bit immediate-1
251 : (2-operand) ( dst src op -- )
252 [ 2dup t rex-prefix ] dip opcode,
253 reg-code swap addressing ;
255 : direction-bit ( dst src op -- dst' src' op' )
256 pick register? pick register? not and
257 [ BIN: 10 opcode-or swapd ] when ;
259 : operand-size-bit ( dst src op -- dst' src' op' )
260 over register-8? [ BIN: 1 opcode-or ] unless ;
262 : 2-operand ( dst src op -- )
263 #! Sets the opcode's direction bit. It is set if the
264 #! destination is a direct register operand.
272 : [] ( reg/displacement -- indirect )
273 dup integer? [ [ f f f ] dip ] [ f f f ] if <indirect> ;
275 : [+] ( reg displacement -- indirect )
277 [ dup zero? [ drop f ] when [ f f ] dip ]
282 GENERIC: PUSH ( op -- )
283 M: register PUSH f HEX: 50 short-operand ;
284 M: immediate PUSH HEX: 68 , 4, ;
285 M: operand PUSH { BIN: 110 f HEX: ff } 1-operand ;
287 GENERIC: POP ( op -- )
288 M: register POP f HEX: 58 short-operand ;
289 M: operand POP { BIN: 000 f HEX: 8f } 1-operand ;
291 ! MOV where the src is immediate.
292 GENERIC: (MOV-I) ( src dst -- )
293 M: register (MOV-I) t HEX: b8 short-operand cell, ;
295 { BIN: 000 t HEX: c6 }
296 pick byte? [ immediate-1 ] [ immediate-4 ] if ;
298 GENERIC: MOV ( dst src -- )
299 M: immediate MOV swap (MOV-I) ;
300 M: operand MOV HEX: 88 2-operand ;
302 : LEA ( dst src -- ) swap HEX: 8d 2-operand ;
305 GENERIC: JMP ( op -- )
306 M: integer JMP HEX: e9 , 4, ;
307 M: operand JMP { BIN: 100 t HEX: ff } 1-operand ;
309 GENERIC: CALL ( op -- )
310 M: integer CALL HEX: e8 , 4, ;
311 M: operand CALL { BIN: 010 t HEX: ff } 1-operand ;
313 GENERIC# JUMPcc 1 ( addr opcode -- )
314 M: integer JUMPcc extended-opcode, 4, ;
316 : JO ( dst -- ) HEX: 80 JUMPcc ;
317 : JNO ( dst -- ) HEX: 81 JUMPcc ;
318 : JB ( dst -- ) HEX: 82 JUMPcc ;
319 : JAE ( dst -- ) HEX: 83 JUMPcc ;
320 : JE ( dst -- ) HEX: 84 JUMPcc ; ! aka JZ
321 : JNE ( dst -- ) HEX: 85 JUMPcc ;
322 : JBE ( dst -- ) HEX: 86 JUMPcc ;
323 : JA ( dst -- ) HEX: 87 JUMPcc ;
324 : JS ( dst -- ) HEX: 88 JUMPcc ;
325 : JNS ( dst -- ) HEX: 89 JUMPcc ;
326 : JP ( dst -- ) HEX: 8a JUMPcc ;
327 : JNP ( dst -- ) HEX: 8b JUMPcc ;
328 : JL ( dst -- ) HEX: 8c JUMPcc ;
329 : JGE ( dst -- ) HEX: 8d JUMPcc ;
330 : JLE ( dst -- ) HEX: 8e JUMPcc ;
331 : JG ( dst -- ) HEX: 8f JUMPcc ;
333 : LEAVE ( -- ) HEX: c9 , ;
336 dup zero? [ drop HEX: c3 , ] [ HEX: c2 , 2, ] if ;
340 GENERIC: ADD ( dst src -- )
341 M: immediate ADD swap { BIN: 000 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
342 M: operand ADD OCT: 000 2-operand ;
344 GENERIC: OR ( dst src -- )
345 M: immediate OR swap { BIN: 001 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
346 M: operand OR OCT: 010 2-operand ;
348 GENERIC: ADC ( dst src -- )
349 M: immediate ADC swap { BIN: 010 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
350 M: operand ADC OCT: 020 2-operand ;
352 GENERIC: SBB ( dst src -- )
353 M: immediate SBB swap { BIN: 011 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
354 M: operand SBB OCT: 030 2-operand ;
356 GENERIC: AND ( dst src -- )
357 M: immediate AND swap { BIN: 100 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
358 M: operand AND OCT: 040 2-operand ;
360 GENERIC: SUB ( dst src -- )
361 M: immediate SUB swap { BIN: 101 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
362 M: operand SUB OCT: 050 2-operand ;
364 GENERIC: XOR ( dst src -- )
365 M: immediate XOR swap { BIN: 110 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
366 M: operand XOR OCT: 060 2-operand ;
368 GENERIC: CMP ( dst src -- )
369 M: immediate CMP swap { BIN: 111 t HEX: 80 } immediate-1/4 ;
370 M: operand CMP OCT: 070 2-operand ;
372 GENERIC: TEST ( dst src -- )
373 M: immediate TEST swap { BIN: 0 t HEX: f7 } immediate-4 ;
374 M: operand TEST OCT: 204 2-operand ;
376 : XCHG ( dst src -- ) OCT: 207 2-operand ;
378 : BSR ( dst src -- ) swap { HEX: 0f HEX: bd } (2-operand) ;
380 : NOT ( dst -- ) { BIN: 010 t HEX: f7 } 1-operand ;
381 : NEG ( dst -- ) { BIN: 011 t HEX: f7 } 1-operand ;
382 : MUL ( dst -- ) { BIN: 100 t HEX: f7 } 1-operand ;
383 : IMUL ( src -- ) { BIN: 101 t HEX: f7 } 1-operand ;
384 : DIV ( dst -- ) { BIN: 110 t HEX: f7 } 1-operand ;
385 : IDIV ( src -- ) { BIN: 111 t HEX: f7 } 1-operand ;
387 : CDQ ( -- ) HEX: 99 , ;
388 : CQO ( -- ) HEX: 48 , CDQ ;
390 : (SHIFT) ( dst src op -- )
392 nip t HEX: d3 3array 1-operand
394 swapd t HEX: c0 3array immediate-1
397 : ROL ( dst n -- ) BIN: 000 (SHIFT) ;
398 : ROR ( dst n -- ) BIN: 001 (SHIFT) ;
399 : RCL ( dst n -- ) BIN: 010 (SHIFT) ;
400 : RCR ( dst n -- ) BIN: 011 (SHIFT) ;
401 : SHL ( dst n -- ) BIN: 100 (SHIFT) ;
402 : SHR ( dst n -- ) BIN: 101 (SHIFT) ;
403 : SAR ( dst n -- ) BIN: 111 (SHIFT) ;
405 GENERIC: IMUL2 ( dst src -- )
406 M: immediate IMUL2 swap dup reg-code t HEX: 68 3array immediate-1/4 ;
407 M: operand IMUL2 OCT: 257 extended-opcode (2-operand) ;
409 : MOVSX ( dst src -- )
410 dup register-32? OCT: 143 OCT: 276 extended-opcode ?
411 over register-16? [ BIN: 1 opcode-or ] when
415 : MOVZX ( dst src -- )
416 OCT: 266 extended-opcode
417 over register-16? [ BIN: 1 opcode-or ] when
422 : MOVcc ( dst src cc -- ) extended-opcode swapd (2-operand) ;
424 : CMOVO ( dst src -- ) HEX: 40 MOVcc ;
425 : CMOVNO ( dst src -- ) HEX: 41 MOVcc ;
426 : CMOVB ( dst src -- ) HEX: 42 MOVcc ;
427 : CMOVAE ( dst src -- ) HEX: 43 MOVcc ;
428 : CMOVE ( dst src -- ) HEX: 44 MOVcc ; ! aka CMOVZ
429 : CMOVNE ( dst src -- ) HEX: 45 MOVcc ;
430 : CMOVBE ( dst src -- ) HEX: 46 MOVcc ;
431 : CMOVA ( dst src -- ) HEX: 47 MOVcc ;
432 : CMOVS ( dst src -- ) HEX: 48 MOVcc ;
433 : CMOVNS ( dst src -- ) HEX: 49 MOVcc ;
434 : CMOVP ( dst src -- ) HEX: 4a MOVcc ;
435 : CMOVNP ( dst src -- ) HEX: 4b MOVcc ;
436 : CMOVL ( dst src -- ) HEX: 4c MOVcc ;
437 : CMOVGE ( dst src -- ) HEX: 4d MOVcc ;
438 : CMOVLE ( dst src -- ) HEX: 4e MOVcc ;
439 : CMOVG ( dst src -- ) HEX: 4f MOVcc ;
443 : CPUID ( -- ) HEX: a2 extended-opcode, ;
447 : NOP ( -- ) HEX: 90 , ;
449 ! x87 Floating Point Unit
451 : FSTPS ( operand -- ) { BIN: 011 f HEX: d9 } 1-operand ;
452 : FSTPL ( operand -- ) { BIN: 011 f HEX: dd } 1-operand ;
454 : FLDS ( operand -- ) { BIN: 000 f HEX: d9 } 1-operand ;
455 : FLDL ( operand -- ) { BIN: 000 f HEX: dd } 1-operand ;
457 ! SSE multimedia instructions
461 : direction-bit-sse ( dst src op1 -- dst' src' op1' )
462 pick register-128? [ swapd ] [ BIN: 1 bitor ] if ;
464 : 2-operand-sse ( dst src op1 op2 -- )
465 , direction-bit-sse extended-opcode (2-operand) ;
467 : 2-operand-int/sse ( dst src op1 op2 -- )
468 , swapd extended-opcode (2-operand) ;
472 : MOVSS ( dest src -- ) HEX: 10 HEX: f3 2-operand-sse ;
473 : MOVSD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 10 HEX: f2 2-operand-sse ;
474 : ADDSD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 58 HEX: f2 2-operand-sse ;
475 : MULSD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 59 HEX: f2 2-operand-sse ;
476 : SUBSD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 5c HEX: f2 2-operand-sse ;
477 : DIVSD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 5e HEX: f2 2-operand-sse ;
478 : SQRTSD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 51 HEX: f2 2-operand-sse ;
479 : UCOMISD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 2e HEX: 66 2-operand-sse ;
480 : COMISD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 2f HEX: 66 2-operand-sse ;
482 : CVTSS2SD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 5a HEX: f3 2-operand-sse ;
483 : CVTSD2SS ( dest src -- ) HEX: 5a HEX: f2 2-operand-sse ;
485 : CVTSI2SD ( dest src -- ) HEX: 2a HEX: f2 2-operand-int/sse ;
486 : CVTSD2SI ( dest src -- ) HEX: 2d HEX: f2 2-operand-int/sse ;
487 : CVTTSD2SI ( dest src -- ) HEX: 2c HEX: f2 2-operand-int/sse ;