1 # Zones that go back beyond the scope of the tz database
3 # This file is in the public domain.
5 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know
6 # better, go ahead and edit it (and please send any changes to
7 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
8 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
11 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
13 # This file contains data outside the normal scope of the tz database,
14 # in that its zones do not differ from normal tz zones after 1970.
15 # Links in this file point to zones in this file, superseding links in
16 # the file 'backward'.
18 # Although zones in this file may be of some use for analyzing
19 # pre-1970 timestamps, they are less reliable, cover only a tiny
20 # sliver of the pre-1970 era, and cannot feasibly be improved to cover
21 # most of the era. Because the zones are out of normal scope for the
22 # database, less effort is put into maintaining this file. Many of
23 # the zones were formerly in other source files, but were removed or
24 # replaced by links as their data entries were questionable and/or they
25 # differed from other zones only in pre-1970 timestamps.
27 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
28 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
29 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
30 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
32 # This file is not intended to be compiled standalone, as it
33 # assumes rules from other files. In the tz distribution, use
34 # 'make PACKRATDATA=backzone zones' to compile and install this file.
37 # From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):
38 # The following remarks should be incorporated into this table sometime.
39 # Patches in 'git format-patch' format would be welcome.
41 # From Phake Nick (2020-04-15):
42 # ... the historical timezone data for those China zones seems to be
43 # incorrect. The transition to GMT+8 date given there for these zones
44 # were 1980 which also contradict the file description that they do
45 # not disagree with normal zone after 1970. According to sources that
46 # have also been cited in the asia file, except Xinjiang and Tibet,
47 # they should have adopted the Beijing Time from around 1949/1950
48 # depends on exactly when each of those cities were taken over by the
49 # communist army. And they should also follow the DST setting of
50 # Asia/Shanghai after that point of time. In addition,
51 # http://gaz.ncl.edu.tw/detail.jsp?sysid=E1091792 the document from
52 # Chongqing Nationalist government say in year 1945 all of China
53 # should adopt summer time due to the war (not sure whether it
54 # continued after WWII ends)(Probably only enforced in area under
55 # their rule at the time?) The Asia/Harbin's 1932 and 1940 entry
56 # should also be incorrect. As per sources recorded at
57 # https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/%E6%BA%80%E5%B7%9E%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%99%82
58 # , in 1932 Harbin should have adopted UTC+8:00 instead of data
59 # currently listed in the tz database according to official
60 # announcement from Manchuko. And they should have adopted GMT+9 in
61 # 1937 January 1st according to official announcement at the time
62 # being cited on the webpage.
65 # Zones are sorted by zone name. Each zone is preceded by the
66 # name of the country that the zone is in, along with any other
67 # commentary and rules associated with the entry.
69 # As explained in the zic man page, the zone columns are:
70 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
71 # and the rule columns are:
72 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
77 # From P Chan (2020-11-20):
78 # Interpretation Amendment Ordinance, 1915 (No.24 of 1915) [1915-11-02]
79 # Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1915, p 69-71
80 # https://books.google.com/books?id=ErA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA70
81 # This Ordinance added "'Time' shall mean Greenwich Mean Time" to the
82 # Interpretation Ordinance, 1876.
84 # Determination of the Time Ordinance, 1919 (No. 18 of 1919) [1919-11-24]
85 # Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1919, p 75-76
86 # https://books.google.com/books?id=MbA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA75
87 # This Ordinance removed the previous definition of time and introduced DST.
89 # Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 214)
90 # The Laws of the Gold Coast (including Togoland Under British Mandate)
91 # Vol. II (1937), p 2328
92 # https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7M-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA2328
93 # Revised edition of the 1919 Ordinance.
95 # Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1940 (No. 9 of 1940) [1940-04-06]
96 # Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
97 # Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1940, p 22
98 # https://books.google.com/books?id=1ao-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA22
99 # This Ordinance changed the forward transition from September to May.
101 # Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment) Regulations, 1942
102 # (Regulations No. 6 of 1942) [1942-01-31, commenced on 1942-02-08]
103 # Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
104 # Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 48
105 # https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA48
106 # These regulations advanced the [standard] time by thirty minutes.
108 # Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment (No.2)) Regulations,
109 # 1942 (Regulations No. 28 of 1942) [1942-04-25]
110 # Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
111 # Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 87
112 # https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA87
113 # These regulations abolished DST and changed the time to GMT+0:30.
115 # Defence (Revocation) (No.4) Regulations, 1945 (Regulations No. 45 of
116 # 1945) [1945-10-24, commenced on 1946-01-06]
117 # Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
118 # Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 256
119 # https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA256
120 # These regulations revoked the previous two sets of Regulations.
122 # Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1945 (No. 18 of 1945) [1946-01-06]
123 # Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
124 # Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 69
125 # https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA69
126 # This Ordinance abolished DST.
128 # Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1950 (No. 26 of 1950) [1950-07-22]
129 # Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast:
130 # Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1950, p 35
131 # https://books.google.com/books?id=e60-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA35
132 # This Ordinance restored DST but with thirty minutes offset.
134 # Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 264)
135 # The Laws of the Gold Coast, Vol. V (1954), p 380
136 # https://books.google.com/books?id=Mqc-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA380
137 # Revised edition of the Time Determination Ordinance.
139 # Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1956 (No. 21 of 1956) [1956-08-29]
140 # Annual Volume of the Ordinances of the Gold Coast Enacted During the
142 # https://books.google.com/books?id=VLE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA83
143 # This Ordinance abolished DST.
145 Rule Ghana 1919 only - Nov 24 0:00 0:20 +0020
146 Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Jan 1 2:00 0 GMT
147 Rule Ghana 1920 1939 - Sep 1 2:00 0:20 +0020
148 Rule Ghana 1940 1941 - May 1 2:00 0:20 +0020
149 Rule Ghana 1950 1955 - Sep 1 2:00 0:30 +0030
150 Rule Ghana 1951 1956 - Jan 1 2:00 0 GMT
152 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1915 Nov 2
153 0:00 Ghana %s 1942 Feb 8
154 0:30 - +0030 1946 Jan 6
158 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31):
159 # Like the Swahili of Kenya and Tanzania, many Ethiopians keep a
160 # 12-hour clock starting at our 06:00, so their "8 o'clock" is our
161 # 02:00 or 14:00. Keep this in mind when you ask the time in Amharic.
163 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time
164 # zones between 1870 and 1890, that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in
165 # 1890, and that they switched to 3:00 on 1936-05-05. Perhaps 38E50
166 # was for Adis Dera. Quite likely the Shanks data entries are wrong
168 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
169 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
173 Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
174 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
175 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
177 Link Africa/Asmara Africa/Asmera
180 Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
181 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
182 -1:00 - -01 1960 Jun 20
185 # Central African Republic
186 Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
190 # From P Chan (2020-12-09):
191 # Standard time of GMT-1 was adopted on 1933-04-01. On 1942-02-01, GMT was
192 # adopted as a war time measure. This was made permanent in 1946.
194 # Interpretation Ordinance, 1914 (No. 12 of 1914) [1914-09-29]
195 # Interpretation Ordinance, 1933 (No. 10 of 1933) [1933-03-31]
196 # Notice No. 5 of 1942, Colony of the Gambia Government Gazette, Vol. LIX,
197 # No.2, 1942-01-15, p 2
198 # Interpretation (Amendment) Ordinance, 1946 (No. 3 of 1946) [1946-07-15]
199 Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
200 -1:06:36 - BMT 1933 Apr 1 # Banjul Mean Time
201 -1:00 - -01 1942 Feb 1 0:00
205 # From P Chan (2020-12-09):
206 # In 1911, Zomba mean time was adopted as the legal time of Nyasaland. In
207 # 1914, Zomba mean time switched from GMT+2:21:10 to GMT+2:21. On 1925-07-01,
210 # Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance, 1911 (No. 12 of 1911)
212 # Notice No. 124 of 1914, 1914-06-30, The Nyasaland Government Gazette, Vol.
213 # XXI, No. 8, 1914-06-30, p 122
214 # Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance, 1925 (No. 3 of
216 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1911 Jul 24
217 2:21:10 - ZMT 1914 Jun 30 # Zomba Mean Time
218 2:21 - ZMT 1925 Jul 1
221 # Republic of the Congo
222 Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
226 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
230 Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
231 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
236 Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
241 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
247 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
251 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
252 Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
255 # From P Chan (2020-12-09):
256 # Standard time of GMT-1 was adopted on 1913-07-01. Twenty minutes of DST was
257 # introduce[d] in 1932 and was suspended in 1939. In 1941, GMT was adopted by
258 # Defence Regulations. This was made permanent in 1946.
260 # Government Notice No. 121 of 1913, 1913-06-06, Sierra Leone Royal Gazette,
261 # Vol. XLIV, No. 1384, 1913-06-14, p 347
262 # Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1932 (No. 34 of 1932) [1932-12-01]
263 # Alteration of Time (Amendment) Ordinance, 1938 (No. 25 of 1938) [1938-11-24]
264 # Defence Regulations (No. 9), 1939 (Regulations No. 9 of 1939), 1939-09-05
265 # Defence Regulations (No. 11), 1939 (Regulations No. 11 of 1939), 1939-09-27
266 # Defence (Amendment) (No. 17) Regulations, 1941 (Public Notice No. 157 of
268 # Alteration of Time (Amendment) Ordinance, 1946 (No. 2 of 1946) [1946-02-07]
270 # From Tim Parenti (2021-03-02), per P Chan (2021-02-25):
271 # For Sierra Leone in 1957-1962, the standard time was defined in the
272 # Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1932 (as amended in 1946, renamed to Local Time
273 # Ordinance in 1960 and Local Time Act in 1961). It was unamended throughout
274 # that period. See references to "Time" in the Alphabetical Index of the
275 # Legislation in force on the 31st day of December,
276 # 1957: https://books.google.com/books?id=lvQ-AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA49
277 # 1958: https://books.google.com/books?id=4fQ-AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA50
278 # 1959: https://books.google.com/books?id=p_U-AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA55
279 # 1960: https://books.google.com/books?id=JPY-AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA37
280 # 1961: https://books.google.com/books?id=7vY-AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA41
281 # 1962: https://books.google.com/books?id=W_c-AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA44
282 # 1963: https://books.google.com/books?id=9vk-AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA47
284 # Although Shanks & Pottenger had DST from Jun 1 00:00 to Sep 1 00:00 in this
285 # period, many contemporaneous almanacs agree that it wasn't used:
286 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2021-February/029866.html
289 Rule SL 1932 only - Dec 1 0:00 0:20 -0040
290 Rule SL 1933 1938 - Mar 31 24:00 0 -01
291 Rule SL 1933 1939 - Aug 31 24:00 0:20 -0040
292 Rule SL 1939 only - May 31 24:00 0 -01
293 Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
294 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jul 1 # Freetown MT
295 -1:00 SL %s 1939 Sep 5
296 -1:00 - -01 1941 Dec 6 24:00
300 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
301 # Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899;
302 # assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did.
303 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
305 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
306 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
310 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
314 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
321 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
324 # Democratic Republic of the Congo (west)
325 Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
329 Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
333 Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
338 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
339 # Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
340 # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
341 # (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect.
343 Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
344 0:52:04 - LMT 1911 Dec 31 23:00u # Luanda MT?
347 # Democratic Republic of the Congo (east)
348 Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
352 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
357 # Although Shanks says that Malabo switched from UT +00 to +01 on 1963-12-15,
358 # a Google Books search says that London Calling, Issues 432-465 (1948), p 19,
359 # says that Spanish Guinea was at +01 back then. The Shanks data entries
360 # are most likely wrong, but we have nothing better; use them here for now.
362 Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
363 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
367 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
368 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
369 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
372 # Eswatini (formerly Swaziland)
373 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
377 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
383 Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
384 -1:00 - -01 1934 Feb 26
389 Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
390 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
391 -1:00 - -01 1960 Nov 28
395 Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
399 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
400 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
401 Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
402 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
406 Zone Africa/Timbuktu -0:12:04 - LMT 1912
410 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
413 # Antigua and Barbuda
414 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
419 # The name "Comodoro Rivadavia" exceeds the 14-byte POSIX limit.
420 Zone America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia -4:30:00 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
421 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
423 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
424 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
425 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
426 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
427 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
428 -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
429 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
433 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
439 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
440 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
441 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
442 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
443 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
444 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
445 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
446 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
447 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
449 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
450 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
451 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
452 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
453 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
455 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
456 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
457 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
459 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
460 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
461 # the other half on eastern time.
463 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
465 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
466 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
467 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
469 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
470 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
472 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
473 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
474 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
475 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
476 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
478 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
479 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
480 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
481 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
482 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
483 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
484 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
485 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
487 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
488 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
489 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
490 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
493 # Quebec east of Natashquan
495 # From Paul Eggert (2021-05-09):
496 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
497 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
498 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
499 # says that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to observe
500 # AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT, and
501 # residents east of Natashquan use AST.
502 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
503 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
504 # https://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/en/department/ministre/functions-and-responsabilities/legal-time-in-quebec/the-situation-in-minganie-and-basse-cote-nord/
505 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
506 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
507 # This common practice was codified into law as of 2007; see Legal Time Act,
508 # CQLR c T-5.1 <http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/ShowDoc/cs/T-5.1>.
509 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
510 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
512 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
513 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
517 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
518 -5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
523 # From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18):
524 # America/Chillicothe would be tricky, as it was a city of two-timers:
525 # "To prevent a constant mixup at Chillicothe, caused by the courthouse
526 # clock running on central time and the city running on 'daylight saving'
527 # time, a third hand was added to the dial of the courthouse clock."
528 # -- Ohio news in brief. The Cedarville Herald. 1920-05-21;43(21):1 (col. 5)
529 # https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cedarville_herald/794
532 Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
533 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
536 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
537 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
538 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
539 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
540 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
541 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
543 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
544 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
545 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
546 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
547 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
548 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
549 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
551 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
552 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
553 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
554 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
555 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
556 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
557 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
559 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
560 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
562 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
563 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
564 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
565 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
567 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
568 # Creston did not change its clocks.
570 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
571 # Creston did not oblige.
573 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
575 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
576 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
578 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
579 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
580 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
581 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
582 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
583 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
585 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
587 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
588 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
589 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
593 # Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curaçao mean time; round to nearest.
595 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
596 # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
597 # -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
598 # Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
599 # 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
600 # Saba Island has been like Curaçao.
601 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
603 # By July 2007 Curaçao and St Maarten are planned to become
604 # associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
605 # Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
606 # Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
607 # though, as far as we know.
609 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:47 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
612 Link America/Curacao America/Kralendijk
613 Link America/Curacao America/Lower_Princes
616 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
620 # See 'northamerica' for why this entry is here rather than there.
621 Zone America/Ensenada -7:46:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:13:32
622 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
623 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 16
625 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
630 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
634 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe-à-Pitre
640 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
641 # Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto; see
642 # America/Toronto. However, earlier versions of the tz database
643 # mistakenly relied on data from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec
644 # differed from Ontario after 1970, and the following rules and zone
645 # were created for most of Quebec from the incorrect Shanks &
646 # Pottenger data. The post-1970 entries have been corrected, but the
647 # pre-1970 entries are unchecked and probably have errors.
649 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
650 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
651 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
652 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
653 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
654 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
655 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
656 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
657 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
658 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
659 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
660 Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
661 Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
662 Rule Mont 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
663 Rule Mont 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
664 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
665 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
666 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
667 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
668 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
669 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
671 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
672 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
673 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
678 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
679 # In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
680 # world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
681 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
686 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
688 # From P Chan (2020-11-27, corrected on 2020-12-02):
689 # There were two periods of DST observed in 1942-1945: 1942-05-01
690 # midnight to 1944-12-31 midnight and 1945-02-01 to 1945-10-17 midnight.
691 # "midnight" should mean 24:00 from the context.
693 # War Time Order 1942 [1942-05-01] and War Time (No. 2) Order 1942 [1942-09-29]
694 # Appendix to the Statutes of 7 George VI. and the Year 1942. p 34, 43
695 # https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA34
696 # https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA43
698 # War Time Order 1943 [1943-03-31] and War Time Order 1944 [1943-12-29]
699 # Appendix to the Statutes of 8 George VI. and the Year 1943. p 9-10, 28-29
700 # https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA4-PA9
701 # https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA4-PA28
703 # War Time Order 1945 [1945-01-31] and the Order which revoke War Time Order
704 # 1945 [1945-10-16] Appendix to the Statutes of 9 George VI. and the Year
705 # 1945. p 160, 247-248
706 # https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA6-PA160
707 # https://books.google.com/books?id=5rlNAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA6-PA247
709 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
710 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
711 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
712 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
714 Rule Bahamas 1942 only - May 1 24:00 1:00 W
715 Rule Bahamas 1944 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 S
716 Rule Bahamas 1945 only - Feb 1 0:00 1:00 W
717 Rule Bahamas 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
718 Rule Bahamas 1945 only - Oct 17 24:00 0 S
719 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
720 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
722 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
723 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
728 # From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18):
729 # America/Palm_Springs would be tricky, as it kept two sets of clocks
730 # in 1946/7. See the following notes.
732 # From Steve Allen (2018-01-19):
733 # The shadow of Mt. San Jacinto brings darkness very early in the winter
734 # months. In 1946 the chamber of commerce decided to put the clocks of Palm
735 # Springs forward by an hour in the winter.
736 # https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/2017/12/27/palm-springs-struggle-daylight-savings-time-and-idea-sun-time/984416001/
737 # Desert Sun, Number 18, 1 November 1946
738 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461101
739 # has proposal for meeting on front page and page 21.
740 # Desert Sun, Number 19, 5 November 1946
741 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461105
742 # reports that Sun Time won at the meeting on front page and page 5.
743 # Desert Sun, Number 37, 7 January 1947
744 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470107.2.12
745 # front page reports request to abandon Sun Time and page 7 notes a "class war".
746 # Desert Sun, Number 38, 10 January 1947
747 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470110
748 # front page reports on end.
750 # Trinidad and Tobago
751 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
753 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Marigot
754 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/St_Barthelemy
755 Link America/Port_of_Spain America/Virgin
758 # This entry was intended for the following areas, but has been superseded by
759 # more detailed zones.
760 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
761 # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
762 Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
763 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
765 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
766 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Jul
767 -3:00 - -03 1999 Oct 3 0:00
768 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3 0:00
772 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
776 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
777 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
781 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
783 Link America/St_Thomas America/Virgin
785 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
786 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
787 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
791 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
794 # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
795 # <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
797 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
798 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
800 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - -00 1947
801 10:00 - +10 1952 Jan 14
805 # McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12
806 Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - -00 1956
808 Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole
812 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
813 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
815 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
816 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
817 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
818 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29
821 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
822 # http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html
825 # Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
826 # and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
827 Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950
832 # From Paul Eggert (2020-07-23):
833 # Most of this data comes from:
834 # Stewart A. Why Gulf Standard Time is far from standard: the fascinating story
835 # behind the time zone's invention. The National (Abu Dhabi). 2020-07-22.
836 # https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/why-gulf-standard-time-is-far-from-standard-the-fascinating-story-behind-the-time-zone-s-invention-1.1052589
837 # Stewart writes that before 1941 some companies in Bahrain were at +0330 and
838 # others at +0323. Reginald George Alban, a British political agent based in
839 # Manama, worked to standardize this, and from 1941-07-20 Bahrain was at
840 # +0330. However, BOAC asked that clocks be moved to gain more light at day's
841 # end, so Bahrain switched to +04 on 1944-01-01.
843 # Re the 1941 transition, Stewart privately sent me this citation:
844 # "File 16/53 Enquiries Re: Calculation of Local Time", British Library: India
845 # Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/1564, in Qatar Digital Library
846 # https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100000000282.0x00012b
847 # It says there was no real standard in Bahrain before 1941-07-20.
848 # +0330 was used by steamers of the British India Co, by Petroleum Concessions
849 # and by Cable & Wireless; +0323 was used by the Eastern Bank Ltd, BOAC, and
850 # Bahrein Petroleum (Bapco), and California Arabian Standard Oil Co (Casoc)
851 # adopted DST effective 1941-05-24. Alban suggested adopting DST, R.B. Coomb
852 # of C&W countersuggested +0330, and although C.A. Rodstrom of Casoc (formerly
853 # of Bapco) stated that Bahrain had formerly used +0330 before Bapco arrived
854 # but Bapco switched to +0323 because of "constant confusion", the consensus
855 # was +0330. The government adopted +0330 in 1941-07-20 and companies seem to
856 # have switched by 08-01. No time of day was given for the 1940s transitions.
857 Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1941 Jul 20 # Manamah
858 3:30 - +0330 1944 Jan 1
864 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
865 # The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 305 says that Madras
866 # civil time was 5:20:57.3.
868 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-21):
869 # In tomorrow's The Hindu, Nitya Menon reports that India had two civil time
870 # zones starting in 1884, one in Bombay and one in Calcutta, and that railways
871 # used a third time zone based on Madras time (80° 18' 30" E). Also,
872 # in 1881 Bombay briefly switched to Madras time, but switched back. See:
873 # http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/madras-375-when-madras-clocked-the-time/article6339393.ece
874 #Zone Asia/Chennai [not enough info to complete]
877 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
878 # Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
879 # most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
880 # counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
881 # Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
882 Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
885 Link Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking
888 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
889 # See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for this data.
890 # Trần's book says the 1954-55 transition to 07:00 in Hanoi was in
891 # October 1954, with exact date and time unspecified.
892 Zone Asia/Hanoi 7:03:24 - LMT 1906 Jul 1
893 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1
894 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00
895 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00
896 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2
897 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1
902 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
903 # Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
904 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
905 8:30 - +0830 1932 Mar
908 8:30 - +0830 1980 May
912 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
918 Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
923 # Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory.
924 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920
928 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne:
929 # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26)
930 # https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
931 # Portuguese India switched to UT +05 on 1912-01-01.
932 #Zone Asia/Panaji [not enough info to complete]
936 # From an adoptive daughter of the late Cambodian ruler Prince Sihanouk,
937 # via Alois Treindl (2019-08-08):
939 # King Sihanouk said that, during the Japanese occupation, starting with
940 # what historians refer to as "le coup de force du 9 mars 1945", Cambodia,
941 # like the entire French Indochina, used Tokyo time zone. After Japan
942 # surrendered, 2 September 1945, Cambodia fell under French rule again and
943 # adopted Hanoi time zone again.
945 # However, on 7 January 1946, Sihanouk and Tioulong managed to obtain a
946 # status of "internal autonomy" from the government of Charles de Gaulle.
947 # Although many fields remained under the administration of the French
948 # (customs, taxes, justice, defence, foreign affairs, etc.), the Cambodian
949 # administration was responsible for religious matters and traditional
950 # celebrations, which included our calendar and time. The time zone was GMT
951 # + 7 and _no_ DST was applied.
953 # After Sihanouk and Tioulong achieved full independence, on 9 November 1953,
954 # GMT + 7 was maintained.
956 # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-26):
957 # See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of rest of this data.
959 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1
960 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1
961 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00
962 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00
963 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2
967 Zone Asia/Tel_Aviv 2:19:04 - LMT 1880
972 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11):
973 # See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data.
974 # Trần's book says that Laos reverted to UT +07 on 1955-04-15.
975 # Also, guess that Laos reverted to +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did;
976 # this is probably wrong but it's better than guessing no transition.
977 Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jul 1
978 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1
979 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00
980 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00
981 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2
982 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1
983 8:00 - +08 1955 Apr 15
988 Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen -1:00 - -01
991 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
992 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
996 Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep
997 10:00 AT AE%sT 1919 Oct 24
998 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1968 Oct 15
1002 Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
1003 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00
1004 # DMT = Dublin/Dunsink MT
1005 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
1006 # IST = Irish Summer Time
1007 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1008 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
1009 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
1013 # Data from Joseph S. Myers
1014 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
1015 # References to be added
1016 # LMT is for Town Church, St. Peter Port, 49° 27' 17" N, 2° 32' 10" W.
1017 Zone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18
1018 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2
1019 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8
1020 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1021 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
1022 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
1027 # From Lester Caine (2013-09-04):
1028 # The Isle of Man legislation is now on-line at
1029 # <https://www.legislation.gov.im>, starting with the original Statutory
1030 # Time Act in 1883 and including additional confirmation of some of
1031 # the dates of the 'Summer Time' orders originating at
1032 # Westminster. There is a little uncertainty as to the starting date
1033 # of the first summer time in 1916 which may have been announced a
1034 # couple of days late. There is still a substantial number of
1035 # documents to work through, but it is thought that every GB change
1036 # was also implemented on the island.
1038 # AT4 of 1883 - The Statutory Time et cetera Act 1883 -
1039 # LMT Location - 54.1508N -4.4814E - Tynwald Hill ( Manx parliament )
1040 Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s
1041 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1042 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
1043 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
1047 # Data from Joseph S. Myers
1048 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html
1049 # References to be added
1050 # LMT is for Parish Church, St. Helier, 49° 11' 0.57" N, 2° 6' 24.33" W.
1051 Zone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u
1052 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2
1053 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8
1054 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
1055 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
1056 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
1060 Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884
1061 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00
1062 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s
1063 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s
1064 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27
1067 # Bosnia and Herzegovina
1068 Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884
1069 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00
1070 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s
1071 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s
1072 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27
1076 Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884
1077 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00
1078 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s
1079 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s
1080 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27
1085 # Moldova / Transnistria
1086 Zone Europe/Tiraspol 1:58:32 - LMT 1880
1087 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
1088 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
1089 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15
1090 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17
1091 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24
1092 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00
1093 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1097 Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun
1098 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981
1102 Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884
1103 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00
1104 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s
1105 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s
1106 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27
1110 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
1111 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
1112 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
1116 Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
1120 Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
1123 # Phoenix Islands, Kiribati
1124 # From Paul Eggert (2021-05-27):
1125 # Enderbury was inhabited 1860/1880s to mine guano, and 1938-03-06/1942-02-09
1126 # for aviation (ostensibly commercial, but military uses foreseen).
1127 # The 19th-century dates are approximate. See Pacific/Kanton for
1128 # the currently-inhabited representative for this timezone.
1129 Zone Pacific/Enderbury 0 - -00 1860
1130 -11:24:20 - LMT 1885
1132 -12:00 - -12 1942 Feb 9
1136 Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST
1140 # From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):
1141 # [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies,
1142 # published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3]
1143 # reproduced a Pan American Airways timetable from 1936, for their weekly
1144 # "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting
1145 # flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone
1146 # designations that I've never seen before:....
1147 # Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun.
1148 # " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A "
1150 Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901
1151 -11:00 - -11 1956 Jun 3
1152 -11:00 1:00 -10 1956 Sep 2
1156 Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
1159 10:00 - +10 2000 Dec 23
1160 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time