# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
#
+# For the 1911/1912 establishment of standard time in French possessions, see:
+# Société Française de Physique, Recueil de constantes physiques (1913),
+# page 752, 18b.
+#
# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean.
# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized.
# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
# Chad
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena
+Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # N'Djamena
1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
1:00 - WAT
# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
+Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
0:00 - GMT
###############################################################################
# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]...
# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04):
-# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says
-# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited
-# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is
-# no information about when DST will end this fall. See:
-# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833
-
# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08):
# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015.
# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last
# - 2018 Oct 7 4:00 - 2019 Mar 17 3:00 - 2019 Oct 4 3:00 - 2020 Mar 8 3:00
# and now - 2020 Oct 4 0:01
+# From Paul Eggert (2023-12-20):
+# Transitions from 2021 on are taken from:
+# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/antarctica/casey
+# retrieved at various dates.
+
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - -00 1969
8:00 - +08 2009 Oct 18 2:00
8:00 - +08 2019 Oct 4 3:00
11:00 - +11 2020 Mar 8 3:00
8:00 - +08 2020 Oct 4 0:01
- 11:00 - +11
+ 11:00 - +11 2021 Mar 14 0:00
+ 8:00 - +08 2021 Oct 3 0:01
+ 11:00 - +11 2022 Mar 13 0:00
+ 8:00 - +08 2022 Oct 2 0:01
+ 11:00 - +11 2023 Mar 9 3:00
+ 8:00 - +08
Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - -00 1957 Jan 13
7:00 - +07 1964 Nov
0 - -00 1969 Feb
# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
-# See Asia/Urumqi.
+# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
+# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
+# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
+# time as Moscow, Russia.
+#
+# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
+# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
+# what they had to say about time there:
+# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
+# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
+# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
+# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
+# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
+# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
+# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
+# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
+# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
+# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
+# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
+# it is at Vostok.
+#
+# From Zakhary V. Akulov (2023-12-17 22:00:48 +0700):
+# ... from December, 18, 2023 00:00 by my decision the local time of
+# the Antarctic research base Vostok will correspond to UTC+5.
+# (2023-12-19): We constantly interact with Progress base, with company who
+# builds new wintering station, with sledge convoys, with aviation - they all
+# use UTC+5. Besides, difference between Moscow time is just 2 hours now, not 4.
+# (2023-12-19, in response to the question "Has local time at Vostok
+# been UTC+6 ever since 1957, or has it changed before?"): No. At least
+# since my antarctic career start, 10 years ago, Vostok base has UTC+7.
+# (In response to a 2023-12-18 question "from 02:00 to 00:00 today"): This.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2023-12-18):
+# For lack of better info, guess Vostok was at +07 from founding through today,
+# except when closed.
+
+# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16
+ 7:00 - +07 1994 Feb
+ 0 - -00 1994 Nov
+ 7:00 - +07 2023 Dec 18 2:00
+ 5:00 - +05
# S Africa - year-round bases
# Marion Island, -4653+03752
8:00 PRC C%sT
# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi
# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
-# Vostok base in Antarctica matches this since 1970.
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
6:00 - +06
# effective December 21st, 2018....
# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language).
+# From Zhanbolat Raimbekov (2024-01-19):
+# Kazakhstan (all parts) switching to UTC+5 on March 1, 2024
+# https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mti/press/news/details/688998?lang=ru
+# [in Russian]
+# (2024-01-20): https://primeminister.kz/ru/decisions/19012024-20
+#
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2024-01-19):
+# According to a different news and the official web site for the Ministry of
+# Trade and Integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan:
+# https://en.inform.kz/news/kazakhstan-to-switch-to-single-hour-zone-mar-1-54ad0b/
+
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
#
# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
-# This includes KZ-AKM, KZ-ALA, KZ-ALM, KZ-AST, KZ-BAY, KZ-VOS, KZ-ZHA,
-# KZ-KAR, KZ-SEV, KZ-PAV, and KZ-YUZ.
+# This includes Abai/Abay (ISO 3166-2 code KZ-10), Aqmola/Akmola (KZ-11),
+# Almaty (KZ-19), Almaty city (KZ-75), Astana city (KZ-71),
+# East Kazkhstan (KZ-63), Jambyl/Zhambyl (KZ-31), Jetisu/Zhetysu (KZ-33),
+# Karaganda (KZ-35), North Kazakhstan (KZ-59), Pavlodar (KZ-55),
+# Shyumkent city (KZ-79), Turkistan (KZ-61), and Ulytau (KZ-62).
Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06
-# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-KZY)
+ 6:00 - +06 2024 Mar 1 0:00
+ 5:00 - +05
+# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-43)
Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
6:00 - +06 2018 Dec 21 0:00
5:00 - +05
-#
-# Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-KUS)
+# Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-39)
# The 1991/2 rules are unclear partly because of the 1997 Turgai
# reorganization.
Zone Asia/Qostanay 4:14:28 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06
-
-# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-AKT)
+ 6:00 - +06 2024 Mar 1 0:00
+ 5:00 - +05
+# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-15)
Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1
4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
5:00 - +05
-# Mangghystaū (KZ-MAN)
+# Mangghystaū (KZ-47)
# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
# so include timestamps before 1963.
Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1994 Sep 25 2:00s
4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
5:00 - +05
-# Atyraū (KZ-ATY) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from
+# Atyraū (KZ-23) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from
# +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994.
Zone Asia/Atyrau 3:27:44 - LMT 1924 May 2
3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1999 Mar 28 2:00s
4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
5:00 - +05
-# West Kazakhstan (KZ-ZAP)
+# West Kazakhstan (KZ-27)
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
# From Heba Hamad (2023-03-22):
# ... summer time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 04-29-2023,
# 02:00 AM by 60 minutes forward.
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2023-03-22):
+# From Heba Hemad (2023-10-09):
+# ... winter time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 10-28-2023,
+# 02:00 AM by 60 minutes back.
+#
+# From Heba Hamad (2024-01-25):
+# the summer time for the years 2024,2025 will begin in Palestine
+# from Saturday at 02:00 AM by 60 minutes forward as shown below:
+# year date
+# 2024 2024-04-20
+# 2025 2025-04-12
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2024-01-25):
# For now, guess that spring and fall transitions will normally
# continue to use 2022's rules, that during DST Palestine will switch
# to standard time at 02:00 the last Saturday before Ramadan and back
-# to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after Ramadan, and that
+# to DST at 02:00 the second Saturday after Ramadan, and that
# if the normal spring-forward or fall-back transition occurs during
# Ramadan the former is delayed and the latter advanced.
# To implement this, I predicted Ramadan-oriented transition dates for
-# 2023 through 2086 by running the following program under GNU Emacs 28.2,
+# 2026 through 2086 by running the following program under GNU Emacs 29.2,
# with the results integrated by hand into the table below.
# Predictions after 2086 are approximated without Ramadan.
#
-# (let ((islamic-year 1444))
+# (let ((islamic-year 1447))
# (require 'cal-islam)
# (while (< islamic-year 1510)
# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
# (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7)))
# (while (/= saturday (mod b 7))
# (setq b (1+ b)))
+# (setq b (+ 7 b))
# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
# (insert
Rule Palestine 2022 only - Mar 27 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2022 2035 - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2023 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2024 only - Apr 13 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2025 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2024 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2025 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2026 2054 - Mar Sat<=30 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2036 only - Oct 18 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2037 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2038 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2039 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2039 only - Oct 22 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2039 2067 - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2040 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2040 only - Oct 13 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2040 only - Oct 20 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2040 2067 - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2041 only - Aug 24 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2041 only - Sep 28 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2041 only - Oct 5 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2042 only - Aug 16 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2042 only - Sep 20 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2042 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2043 only - Aug 1 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2043 only - Sep 12 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2043 only - Sep 19 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2044 only - Jul 23 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2044 only - Aug 27 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2044 only - Sep 3 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2045 only - Jul 15 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2045 only - Aug 19 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2045 only - Aug 26 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2046 only - Jun 30 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2046 only - Aug 11 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2046 only - Aug 18 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2047 only - Jun 22 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2047 only - Jul 27 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2047 only - Aug 3 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2048 only - Jun 6 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2048 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2048 only - Jul 25 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2049 only - May 29 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2049 only - Jul 3 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2049 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2050 only - May 21 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2050 only - Jun 25 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2050 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2051 only - May 6 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2051 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2051 only - Jun 24 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2052 only - Apr 27 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2052 only - Jun 1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2052 only - Jun 8 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2053 only - Apr 12 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2053 only - May 24 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2053 only - May 31 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2054 only - Apr 4 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2054 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2055 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2056 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2057 only - Apr 7 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2058 max - Mar Sat<=30 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2054 only - May 23 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2055 only - May 8 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2056 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2057 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2058 only - Apr 6 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2059 max - Mar Sat<=30 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2068 only - Oct 20 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2069 only - Oct 12 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2070 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2071 only - Sep 19 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2072 only - Sep 10 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2072 only - Oct 15 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2072 only - Oct 22 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2072 max - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 -
Rule Palestine 2073 only - Sep 2 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2073 only - Oct 7 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2073 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2074 only - Aug 18 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2074 only - Sep 29 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2074 only - Oct 6 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2075 only - Aug 10 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2075 only - Sep 14 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Palestine 2075 max - Oct Sat<=30 2:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2075 only - Sep 21 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2076 only - Jul 25 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2076 only - Sep 5 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2076 only - Sep 12 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2077 only - Jul 17 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2077 only - Aug 28 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2077 only - Sep 4 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2078 only - Jul 9 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2078 only - Aug 13 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2078 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2079 only - Jun 24 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2079 only - Aug 5 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2079 only - Aug 12 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2080 only - Jun 15 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2080 only - Jul 20 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2080 only - Jul 27 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2081 only - Jun 7 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2081 only - Jul 12 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2081 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2082 only - May 23 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2082 only - Jul 4 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2082 only - Jul 11 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2083 only - May 15 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2083 only - Jun 19 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2083 only - Jun 26 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2084 only - Apr 29 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2084 only - Jun 10 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2084 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2085 only - Apr 21 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2085 only - Jun 2 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2085 only - Jun 9 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Palestine 2086 only - Apr 13 2:00 0 -
-Rule Palestine 2086 only - May 18 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2086 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
# Philippines
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18):
+# From Paul Eggert (2024-01-21):
# The Spanish initially used American (west-of-Greenwich) time.
# It is unknown what time Manila kept when the British occupied it from
# 1762-10-06 through 1764-04; for now assume it kept American time.
# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's
# History of the International Date Line
-# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm
+# https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm
# The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh
# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
-# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-27) after a 2014 heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân:
+# From Paul Eggert (2024-01-14) after a 2014 heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân
+# and a 2024-01-14 heads-up from Đoàn Trần Công Danh:
# Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)"
# (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50,
# is quoted verbatim in:
#
# Trần cites the following sources; it's unclear which supplied the info above.
#
-# Hoàng Xuân Hãn: "Lịch và lịch Việt Nam". Tập san Khoa học Xã hội,
-# No. 9, Paris, February 1982.
+# Hoàng Xuân Hãn: "Lịch và lịch Việt Nam". Tập san Khoa học Xã hội,
+# No. 9, Paris, February 1982.
+#
+# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch và niên biểu lịch sử hai mươi thế kỷ (0001-2010)",
+# NXB Thống kê, Hanoi, 2000.
#
-# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch và niên biểu lịch sử hai mươi thế kỷ (0001-2010)",
-# NXB Thống kê, Hanoi, 2000.
+# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch hai thế kỷ (1802-2010) và các lịch vĩnh cửu",
+# NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995.
#
-# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch hai thế kỷ (1802-2010) và các lịch vĩnh cửu",
-# NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995.
+# Here is the decision for the September 1945 transition:
+# Võ Nguyên Giáp, Việt Nam Dân Quốc Công Báo, No. 1 (1945-09-29), page 13
+# http://baochi.nlv.gov.vn/baochi/cgi-bin/baochi?a=d&d=JwvzO19450929.2.5&dliv=none
+# It says that on 1945-09-01 at 24:00, Vietnam moved back two hours, to +07.
+# It also mentions a 1945-03-29 decree (by a Japanese Goveror-General)
+# to set the time zone to +09, but does not say whether that decree
+# merely legalized an earlier change to +09.
+#
+# July 1955 transition:
+# Ngô Đình Diệm, Công Báo Việt Nam, No. 92 (1955-07-02), page 1780-1781
+# Ordinance (Dụ) No. 46 (1955-06-25)
+# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/32341#?c=0&m=29&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-89%2C342%2C1724%2C1216
+# It says that on 1955-07-01 at 01:00, South Vietnam moved back 1 hour (to +07).
+#
+# December 1959 transition:
+# Ngô Đình Diệm, Công Báo Việt Nam Cộng Hòa, 1960 part 1 (1960-01-02), page 62
+# Decree (Sắc lệnh) No. 362-TTP (1959-12-30)
+# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/32341#?c=0&m=138&s=0&cv=793&r=0&xywh=-54%2C1504%2C1705%2C1202
+# It says that on 1959-12-31 at 23:00, South Vietnam moved forward 1 hour (to +08).
+
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
#STDOFF 7:06:30.13
7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 # Phù Liễn MT
7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00
8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2
+ 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 1 24:00
7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1
- 8:00 - +08 1955 Jul 1
+ 8:00 - +08 1955 Jul 1 01:00
7:00 - +07 1959 Dec 31 23:00
8:00 - +08 1975 Jun 13
7:00 - +07
# Please note that there will not be any daylight savings time change
# in Fiji for 2022-2023....
# https://www.facebook.com/FijianGovernment/posts/pfbid0mmWVTYmTibn66ybpFda75pDcf34SSpoSaskJW5gXwaKo5Sgc7273Q4fXWc6kQV6Hl
+
+# From Almaz Mingaleev (2023-10-06):
+# Cabinet approved the suspension of Daylight Saving and appropriate
+# legislative changes will be considered including the repeal of the
+# Daylight Saving Act 1998
+# https://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Centre/Speeches/English/CABINET-DECISIONS-3-OCTOBER-2023
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2022-10-27):
+# From Paul Eggert (2023-10-06):
# For now, assume DST is suspended indefinitely.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# French Polynesia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
+Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct 1 # Rikitea
-9:00 - -09
-Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
+Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct 1
-9:30 - -0930
-Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
+Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct 1 # Papeete
-10:00 - -10
# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
# it is uninhabited.
# Solomon Is
# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
+Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct 1 # Honiara
11:00 - +11
# Tokelau
# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
#
+# For the 1911/1912 establishment of standard time in French possessions, see:
+# Société Française de Physique, Recueil de constantes physiques (1913),
+# page 752, 18b.
+#
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
#
# ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that
# the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year."
# This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20.
-# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm
+# https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_alaska_samoa.htm
# Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30
# in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11
Link Pacific/Port_Moresby Antarctica/DumontDUrville
Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
Link Asia/Riyadh Antarctica/Syowa
-Link Asia/Urumqi Antarctica/Vostok
Link Europe/Berlin Arctic/Longyearbyen
Link Asia/Riyadh Asia/Aden
Link Asia/Qatar Asia/Bahrain
Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29
3:00 - +03
-# Vostok, Antarctica
-#
-# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
-# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
-# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
-# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
-# time as Moscow, Russia.
-#
-# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
-# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
-# what they had to say about time there:
-# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
-# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
-# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
-# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
-# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
-# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
-# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
-# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
-# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
-# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
-# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
-# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06.
-#
-Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16
- 6:00 - +06
-
# Yemen
# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
# These entries are for uses not otherwise covered by the tz database.
# Their main practical use is for platforms like Android that lack
-# support for POSIX-style TZ strings. On such platforms these entries
+# support for POSIX.1-2017-style TZ strings. On such platforms these entries
# can be useful if the timezone database is wrong or if a ship or
# aircraft at sea is not in a timezone.
# Czech Republic (Czechia)
# Slovakia
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15):
-# The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15.
+# From Ivan Benovic (2024-01-30):
+# https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1946/54/
+# (This is an official link to the Czechoslovak Summer Time Act of
+# March 8, 1946 that authorizes the Czechoslovak government to set the
+# exact dates of change to summer time and back to Central European Time.
+# The act also implicitly confirms Central European Time as the
+# official time zone of Czechoslovakia and currently remains in force
+# in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia.)
+# https://www.psp.cz/eknih/1945pns/tisky/t0216_00.htm
+# (This is a link to the original legislative proposal dating back to
+# February 22, 1946. The accompanying memorandum to the proposal says
+# that an advisory committee on European railroad transportation that
+# met in Brussels in October 1945 decided that the change of time
+# should be carried out in all participating countries in a strictly
+# coordinated manner....)
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2024-01-30):
+# The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas.
# https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas
+# Its main text disagrees with its quoted sources only in 1918,
+# where the main text says spring and autumn transitions
+# occurred at 02:00 and 03:00 respectively (as usual),
+# whereas the 1918 source "Oznámení o zavedení letního času v roce 1918"
+# says transitions were at 01:00 and 02:00 respectively.
+# As the 1918 source appears to be a humorous piece, and it is
+# unlikely that Prague would have disagreed with its neighbors by an hour,
+# go with the main text for now.
+#
# We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time;
# abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT.
#
# 2. The shift *from* DST in 2023 happens as normal, but coincides with the
# shift to UTC-02 normaltime (people will not change their clocks here).
# 3. After this, DST is still observed, but as -02/-01 instead of -03/-02.
+#
+# From Múte Bourup Egede via Jógvan Svabo Samuelsen (2023-03-15):
+# Greenland will not switch to Daylight Saving Time this year, 2023,
+# because the standard time for Greenland will change from UTC -3 to UTC -2.
+# However, Greenland will change to Daylight Saving Time again in 2024
+# and onwards.
+
+# From a contributor who wishes to remain anonymous for now (2023-10-29):
+# https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/i-nat-skal-uret-stilles-en-time-tilbage-men-foerste-gang-sker-det-ikke-i-groenland
+# with a link to that page:
+# https://naalakkersuisut.gl/Nyheder/2023/10/2710_sommertid
+# ... Ittoqqortoormiit joins the time of Nuuk at March 2024.
+# What would mean that America/Scoresbysund would either be in -01 year round
+# or in -02/-01 like America/Nuuk, but no longer in -01/+00.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2023-10-29):
+# For now, assume it will be like America/Nuuk.
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
-2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00
-2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29
- -1:00 EU -01/+00
+ -1:00 EU -01/+00 2024 Mar 31
+ -2:00 EU -02/-01
Zone America/Nuuk -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Godthåb
-3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
- -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u
+ -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Mar 26 1:00u
+ -2:00 - -02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u
-2:00 EU -02/-01
Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik
-4:00 Thule A%sT
# and not at 3:00 as would have been under EU rules.
# This is why I have set the change to EU rules into May 1996,
# so that the change in March is stil covered by the Ukraine rule.
-# The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules....
-# TZ database holds three other zones for Ukraine.... I have not yet
-# worked out the consequences for these three zones, as we (me and my
-# US colleague David Cochrane) are still trying to get more
-# information upon these local deviations from Kiev rules.
+# The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules.
#
# From Paul Eggert (2022-08-27):
# For now, assume that Ukraine's zones all followed the same rules,
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2022-11-18):
+# From Paul Eggert (2023-09-06):
# This file contains a table of two-letter country codes. Columns are
# separated by a single tab. Lines beginning with '#' are comments.
# All text uses UTF-8 encoding. The columns of the table are as follows:
#
# 1. ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code, current as of
-# ISO 3166-1 N1087 (2022-09-02). See: Updates on ISO 3166-1
-# https://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/Open/16944257
-# 2. The usual English name for the coded region,
-# chosen so that alphabetic sorting of subsets produces helpful lists.
-# This is not the same as the English name in the ISO 3166 tables.
+# ISO/TC 46 N1108 (2023-04-05). See: ISO/TC 46 Documents
+# https://www.iso.org/committee/48750.html?view=documents
+# 2. The usual English name for the coded region. This sometimes
+# departs from ISO-listed names, sometimes so that sorted subsets
+# of names are useful (e.g., "Samoa (American)" and "Samoa
+# (western)" rather than "American Samoa" and "Samoa"),
+# sometimes to avoid confusion among non-experts (e.g.,
+# "Czech Republic" and "Turkey" rather than "Czechia" and "Türkiye"),
+# and sometimes to omit needless detail or churn (e.g., "Netherlands"
+# rather than "Netherlands (the)" or "Netherlands (Kingdom of the)").
#
# The table is sorted by country code.
#
# This file is in the public domain.
# This file is generated automatically from the data in the public-domain
-# NIST format leap-seconds.list file, which can be copied from
-# <ftp://ftp.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list>
-# or <ftp://ftp.boulder.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list>.
-# The NIST file is used instead of its IERS upstream counterpart
+# NIST/IERS format leap-seconds.list file, which can be copied from
# <https://hpiers.obspm.fr/iers/bul/bulc/ntp/leap-seconds.list>
-# because under US law the NIST file is public domain
-# whereas the IERS file's copyright and license status is unclear.
+# or, in a variant with different comments, from
+# <ftp://ftp.boulder.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list>.
# For more about leap-seconds.list, please see
# The NTP Timescale and Leap Seconds
# <https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/leap.html>.
# Any additional leap seconds will come after this.
# This Expires line is commented out for now,
# so that pre-2020a zic implementations do not reject this file.
-#Expires 2023 Dec 28 00:00:00
+#Expires 2024 Dec 28 00:00:00
# POSIX timestamps for the data in this file:
-#updated 1467936000 (2016-07-08 00:00:00 UTC)
-#expires 1703721600 (2023-12-28 00:00:00 UTC)
+#updated 1704708379 (2024-01-08 10:06:19 UTC)
+#expires 1735344000 (2024-12-28 00:00:00 UTC)
-# Updated through IERS Bulletin C65
-# File expires on: 28 December 2023
+# Updated through IERS Bulletin C (https://hpiers.obspm.fr/iers/bul/bulc/bulletinc.dat)
+# File expires on 28 December 2024
# <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
# [PDF] (1914-03)
#
+# For the 1911/1912 establishment of standard time in French possessions, see:
+# Société Française de Physique, Recueil de constantes physiques (1913),
+# page 752, 18b.
+#
# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
# Canada
# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
-# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
+# https://web.archive.org/web/19990827055050/https://canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm
# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
#
Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
#
-# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
+# St John's has an apostrophe, but POSIX file names can't have apostrophes.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
# Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
# three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
+# From Chris Walton (2024-01-09):
+# The [Toronto] changes in 1947, 1948, and 1949 took place at 2:00 a.m. local
+# time instead of midnight.... Toronto Daily Star - ...
+# April 2, 1947 - Page 39 ... April 7, 1948 - Page 13 ...
+# April 2, 1949 - Page 1 ... April 7, 1949 - Page 24 ...
+# November 25, 1949 - Page 52 ... April 21, 1950 - Page 14 ...
+# September 19, 1950 - Page 46 ... September 20, 1950 - Page 3 ...
+# November 24, 1950 - Page 21
+
# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
#
# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
-Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
-Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
-Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
-Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
-Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1949 1950 - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
# Martinique
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
- -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
+ -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May 1 # Fort-de-France MT
-4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
-4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
-4:00 - AST
# St Pierre and Miquelon
# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
+Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 Jun 15 # St Pierre
-4:00 - AST 1980 May
-3:00 - -03 1987
-3:00 Canada -03/-02
-3:00 - -03
# French Guiana
+# For the 1911/1912 establishment of standard time in French possessions, see:
+# Société Française de Physique, Recueil de constantes physiques (1913),
+# page 752, 18b.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
+Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul 1
-4:00 - -04 1967 Oct
-3:00 - -03
# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2014-02-28):
# Decree 1264 can be found at:
# http://www.presidencia.gov.py/archivos/documentos/DECRETO1264_ey9r8zai.pdf
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2023-07-26):
+# Transition dates are now set by Law No. 7115, not by presidential decree.
+# https://www.abc.com.py/politica/2023/07/12/promulgacion-el-cambio-de-hora-sera-por-ley/
+# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2023-07-27):
+# http://silpy.congreso.gov.py/descarga/ley-144138
Rule Para 2013 max - Mar Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
#country-
#codes coordinates TZ comments
AD +4230+00131 Europe/Andorra
-AE,OM,RE,SC,TF +2518+05518 Asia/Dubai Crozet, Scattered Is
+AE,OM,RE,SC,TF +2518+05518 Asia/Dubai Crozet
AF +3431+06912 Asia/Kabul
AL +4120+01950 Europe/Tirane
AM +4011+04430 Asia/Yerevan
AQ -6448-06406 Antarctica/Palmer Palmer
AQ -6734-06808 Antarctica/Rothera Rothera
AQ -720041+0023206 Antarctica/Troll Troll
+AQ -7824+10654 Antarctica/Vostok Vostok
AR -3436-05827 America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires Buenos Aires (BA, CF)
AR -3124-06411 America/Argentina/Cordoba most areas: CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, MN, SE, SF
AR -2447-06525 America/Argentina/Salta Salta (SA, LP, NQ, RN)
AR -2411-06518 America/Argentina/Jujuy Jujuy (JY)
AR -2649-06513 America/Argentina/Tucuman Tucumán (TM)
-AR -2828-06547 America/Argentina/Catamarca Catamarca (CT); Chubut (CH)
+AR -2828-06547 America/Argentina/Catamarca Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
AR -2926-06651 America/Argentina/La_Rioja La Rioja (LR)
AR -3132-06831 America/Argentina/San_Juan San Juan (SJ)
AR -3253-06849 America/Argentina/Mendoza Mendoza (MZ)
BM +3217-06446 Atlantic/Bermuda
BO -1630-06809 America/La_Paz
BR -0351-03225 America/Noronha Atlantic islands
-BR -0127-04829 America/Belem Pará (east); Amapá
+BR -0127-04829 America/Belem Pará (east), Amapá
BR -0343-03830 America/Fortaleza Brazil (northeast: MA, PI, CE, RN, PB)
BR -0803-03454 America/Recife Pernambuco
BR -0712-04812 America/Araguaina Tocantins
BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimphu
BY +5354+02734 Europe/Minsk
BZ +1730-08812 America/Belize
-CA +4734-05243 America/St_Johns Newfoundland; Labrador (southeast)
-CA +4439-06336 America/Halifax Atlantic - NS (most areas); PE
+CA +4734-05243 America/St_Johns Newfoundland, Labrador (SE)
+CA +4439-06336 America/Halifax Atlantic - NS (most areas), PE
CA +4612-05957 America/Glace_Bay Atlantic - NS (Cape Breton)
CA +4606-06447 America/Moncton Atlantic - New Brunswick
CA +5320-06025 America/Goose_Bay Atlantic - Labrador (most areas)
-CA,BS +4339-07923 America/Toronto Eastern - ON, QC (most areas)
+CA,BS +4339-07923 America/Toronto Eastern - ON & QC (most areas)
CA +6344-06828 America/Iqaluit Eastern - NU (most areas)
-CA +4953-09709 America/Winnipeg Central - ON (west); Manitoba
+CA +4953-09709 America/Winnipeg Central - ON (west), Manitoba
CA +744144-0944945 America/Resolute Central - NU (Resolute)
CA +624900-0920459 America/Rankin_Inlet Central - NU (central)
CA +5024-10439 America/Regina CST - SK (most areas)
CA +5017-10750 America/Swift_Current CST - SK (midwest)
-CA +5333-11328 America/Edmonton Mountain - AB; BC (E); NT (E); SK (W)
+CA +5333-11328 America/Edmonton Mountain - AB, BC(E), NT(E), SK(W)
CA +690650-1050310 America/Cambridge_Bay Mountain - NU (west)
CA +682059-1334300 America/Inuvik Mountain - NT (west)
CA +5546-12014 America/Dawson_Creek MST - BC (Dawson Cr, Ft St John)
CL -5309-07055 America/Punta_Arenas Region of Magallanes
CL -2709-10926 Pacific/Easter Easter Island
CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai Beijing Time
-CN,AQ +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi Xinjiang Time, Vostok
+CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi Xinjiang Time
CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota
CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica
CU +2308-08222 America/Havana
HU +4730+01905 Europe/Budapest
ID -0610+10648 Asia/Jakarta Java, Sumatra
ID -0002+10920 Asia/Pontianak Borneo (west, central)
-ID -0507+11924 Asia/Makassar Borneo (east, south); Sulawesi/Celebes, Bali, Nusa Tengarra; Timor (west)
-ID -0232+14042 Asia/Jayapura New Guinea (West Papua / Irian Jaya); Malukus/Moluccas
+ID -0507+11924 Asia/Makassar Borneo (east, south), Sulawesi/Celebes, Bali, Nusa Tengarra, Timor (west)
+ID -0232+14042 Asia/Jayapura New Guinea (West Papua / Irian Jaya), Malukus/Moluccas
IE +5320-00615 Europe/Dublin
IL +314650+0351326 Asia/Jerusalem
IN +2232+08822 Asia/Kolkata
PL +5215+02100 Europe/Warsaw
PM +4703-05620 America/Miquelon
PN -2504-13005 Pacific/Pitcairn
-PR,AG,CA,AI,AW,BL,BQ,CW,DM,GD,GP,KN,LC,MF,MS,SX,TT,VC,VG,VI +182806-0660622 America/Puerto_Rico AST
+PR,AG,CA,AI,AW,BL,BQ,CW,DM,GD,GP,KN,LC,MF,MS,SX,TT,VC,VG,VI +182806-0660622 America/Puerto_Rico AST - QC (Lower North Shore)
PS +3130+03428 Asia/Gaza Gaza Strip
PS +313200+0350542 Asia/Hebron West Bank
PT +3843-00908 Europe/Lisbon Portugal (mainland)
RU +643337+1431336 Asia/Ust-Nera MSK+07 - Oymyakonsky
RU +5934+15048 Asia/Magadan MSK+08 - Magadan
RU +4658+14242 Asia/Sakhalin MSK+08 - Sakhalin Island
-RU +6728+15343 Asia/Srednekolymsk MSK+08 - Sakha (E); N Kuril Is
+RU +6728+15343 Asia/Srednekolymsk MSK+08 - Sakha (E), N Kuril Is
RU +5301+15839 Asia/Kamchatka MSK+09 - Kamchatka
RU +6445+17729 Asia/Anadyr MSK+09 - Bering Sea
SA,AQ,KW,YE +2438+04643 Asia/Riyadh Syowa
US +465042-1012439 America/North_Dakota/New_Salem Central - ND (Morton rural)
US +471551-1014640 America/North_Dakota/Beulah Central - ND (Mercer)
US +394421-1045903 America/Denver Mountain (most areas)
-US +433649-1161209 America/Boise Mountain - ID (south); OR (east)
+US +433649-1161209 America/Boise Mountain - ID (south), OR (east)
US,CA +332654-1120424 America/Phoenix MST - AZ (most areas), Creston BC
US +340308-1181434 America/Los_Angeles Pacific
US +611305-1495401 America/Anchorage Alaska (most areas)
projects / factor.git / commitdiff